As a researcher specializing in narcissism and psychopathy, I have noticed there are six common stages of trauma bonding that survivors of narcissists often go through before they become sufficiently “hooked” into the toxic relationship cycle. A trauma bond is an inextricable bond we develop with abusers through a power imbalance, intermittent reinforcement such as hot-and-cold behavior, and the presence of danger and betrayal. Learn the six stages.
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